> [!abstract] Summary
> Quick reference for the four USD file extensions — **`.usd`**, **`.usda`**, **`.usdc`**, **`.usdz`** — their trade-offs (ASCII vs binary, size, speed, human-readability) and when to use each. Includes how to convert between them.
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# File Extensions
### `.usd` — Binary or ASCII
- Flexible format — can store either ASCII or binary content under the same extension.
- Lets pipelines switch formats based on workflow requirements **without breaking asset references** (paths stay the same).
### `.usda` — ASCII
- **Slower** to read.
- **Larger** on disk.
- **Human-readable** — can be opened in a text editor.
- **Best for:** simple scenes or assets, debugging, version control.
### `.usdc` — Binary
- **Faster** file reads.
- **Small** file size.
- **Not human-readable.**
- **Best for:** large geometry, simulations, heavy production caches.
**Optimal use cases for `.usdc`:**
- Heavy geometry and animation caches.
- Production asset libraries.
- Performance-critical rendering workflows.
- Large-scale scene assembly.
- Final published asset delivery.
### `.usdz` — Packaged
- A **self-contained archive** bundling USD content with all its dependencies.
- Can contain `.usda`, `.usd`, images, audio, etc.
- **Best for:** final delivery and handoff.
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![[image-61.png]]
# Convert Between Extensions
![[file-20241021190231536.png]]
> [!tip] How to convert
> See the practical step-by-step note: [[../USD Practice/USD Convert from USDC to USDA|USD Convert from USDC to USDA]].
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# 🔗 Related
- [[6.30 USD Theory]] — core USD concepts (layers, prims, stage, variants).
- [[USD terms and definitions]] — glossary of USD concepts.
- [[../USD Practice/USD Convert from USDC to USDA|USD Convert from USDC to USDA]] — how to run the conversion.
- [[../USD Practice/USD Analysing usda files|USD Analysing usda files]] — reading `.usda` content.
- [[USD MOC]]